【初中英语】中考英语词汇辨析系列十一(附解析)
2021-10-15
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1.try to do/ try doing try to do 和try doing 两者意义不同,区别在于: (1)try to do sth."努力去做,尽力做"=try one's best to do… He tried to climb the tree.他试着努力爬那棵树。 (2)try doing sth. 指"尝试做……看看,有何结果",暗示在这之前已试过 某种方法但不奏效,另试其他方法。 If no one answers the door, why not try knocking the back door? 如果没有人开门,为什么不敲后门看看呢?
2.till/ until 这是一组困绕初中生的连词,它们既可作连词又可作介词,其用法归纳于下: (1)用于肯定句中,意为"到……(的时候)为止",谓语动词一般是延续性的, 表示动作一直延续到till(until)所表示的时间为止。如: You'd better stay in bed till tomorrow.你最好卧床到明天。 We worked till/ until lunch time.我们一直工作到吃午饭的时间。 (2)用在否定句中,意为"直到……才……",表示谓语动词的动作直到till/ until 所表示的时间才发生。如: I didn't know the fact until I read your letter.我读了你的信后才知道真相。 She didn't go to bed till/ until she finished her homework. 昨天晚上她做完家庭作业才睡觉。 (3)用于句首时,只能用until,不能用till。如: Until he was 16, he had never been away from his village. 十六岁以后他才离开家乡。 (4)在下列句型中只能用until, 而不能用till。 A. 在倒装句中 Not until 9 o'clock did the meeting begin.直到九点钟会议才开始。 B.在 It is not until…that强调句型中。如: It was not until the bell rang that the students stopped talking. 直到上课铃响了,学生们才停止谈话。
3.thanks for/ thanks to (1)thanks for 表示"因为……而表示感谢"。 Thanks for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。 (2)thanks to 有两种意思,作为非惯用法,其一意为"对……的谢意", thanks作名词用;其二意为"多亏了……"。例如: Please give my thanks to your parents.请转达我对你的父母亲的谢意。 作为惯用法,意为"因为"、"多亏"。如: Thanks to space satellites, the world itself is becoming a much smaller place.多亏有了太空卫星,世界自身才变得小多了。
5.towards/ to 这两个词都有"向、朝、对于"之意,但用法不同。 (1)towards 表示"向着某个方向",没有"到达"之意。如: They saw a dog coming towards them.他们看见一只狗朝他们走过来。 (2)to一般接在come\go\move\return等动词后,表示"向、往",有"到达"之意。如: It was raining when I came to school this morning.
6.what…for/ why what…for和why都可译为"为什么",但前者重提问目的,往往用含有目的的 动词不定式来回答;why侧重提问原因,往往用表示原因的because从句来回答。如: ①What do you want a science lab for?你要实验室干什么? ②-What did Tom come here for?汤姆为什么到这里来? -He came to borrow my bike.他来是为了借我的自行车。 ③-Why were you late for school?你为什么上学迟到? -Because I didn't catch the bus.因为我没有赶上公共汽车。
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