【高中英语】高二英语Unit1-2知识点总结及重难点解析

【考点1】含 difference 的短语
① make a / no / some, etc. difference (to sb / sth) (对某人／某事物有／没有／有些关系(影响)
② make a difference between 区别对待
③ make some difference to 对……有些(没有)关系
④ have a difference in character 在性格上有差别
[例句] It makes no difference t0 me which side may loseor win. 谁输准赢对我没有什么关系。
She makes a difference between her family and herwork. 她对工作和家庭是有区别的。
【考例1】I'm afraid to tell you that the medicine will____ no difference to your illness。so stop taking it.
    A. take    B. make
    C. get    D. do
[考查目标] 此题主要考查 difference 的动词搭配问题。
[答案与解析]B  make a difference 是固定搭配。此时不可用其他动词。
13. draw (one's) attention to sth. 对……表示注意……
    The manager drew my attention to an error in myreport.
    经理要我注意报告中的一个错误。
    [拓展] pay attention to 注意
    call one's attention to sth. 叫某人注意某事

  turn attention to sth．转移注意力到……

【考点2】与 fire 有关的短语

① be on fire 在燃烧
② set fire to sth = set sth on fire 纵火，放火烧
③ catch fire 着火
④ make a fire 生火
⑤ light a fire 点火
⑥ put out a fire 灭火
⑦ play with fire 玩火；冒险
⑧ be on fire for 因……而激动；充满激情
⑨ be full of fire 充满激情
⑩ under fire 受到攻击

[例句] The students are on fire for what they're learning in the computer class. 

学生对电脑课的学习内容充满激情。

The boy is full of fire. 这孩子充满热情。
The grass caught fire．and the grass was on fire for a
short time. 草燃着了，草烧了一会儿。

He who plays with fire gets burned. 

玩火者必自焚(谚语)。

▲辨析: be on fire 表示状态。而 catch fire 则表示动作-其完成时不可和段时间状语连用。
【考例2】(2004 全国卷II) The forest guards often findcampfires that have not been ____ completely.
    A. turned down    B. put out
    C. put away    D. turned over
[考查目标] 此题主要考查动词短语辨义。
[答案与解析]B  turn down是“调低。拒绝”的意思；put out是“熄灭，生产，伸出”的意思；put away是“收拾”的意思；turn over是“翻过来”的意思。
14. look up to 尊敬；钦佩
    He has always looked up to his father. In his eyes he isperfect.
    他一直尊敬他父亲。在他的眼中，他是完美的。

[拓展] look down on / upon sb. 轻视、瞧不起某人

【考点3】与turn有关的短语

① turn out 生产；结果是
② turn down 关小(灯光、音量等)；拒绝
③ turn to 转向；求助于
④ turn up 开大(灯光、音量等)；出现，露面
⑤ turn on / off 打开／关上
⑥ turn aside 闪开；放在一边
⑦ turn over (使)翻转；把某人交给(警方等)
⑧ turn in 上缴；移交
⑨ turn against 背叛
⑩ turn away (from) 转过脸不看
⑩ turn round 转过去
[例句]She turned out six full-length novels in her life.

她一生写了6部长篇小说。
The beggar turned out (to be) a thief.

 那个乞丐原来是个贼。
That radio is pretty loud. Can you turn it down a little?
收音机声音太大，你能开小一点吗?
Many boys expressed their love to Mary, but she turned them all down. 

许多男孩向玛丽表达爱慕之意，但都被她拒绝了。
After he left the university he became a teacher, but later he turned to translation. 

他大学毕业后当了教师，但后来转而从事翻译工作。
We often turn to this handbook for information. 

我们经常查阅这本手册寻找资料。
He promised to come, but hasn't turned up yet. 

他答应来，但尚未到。
When he felt tired, he turned aside (from) his books to listen to the radio. 

感到疲劳时，他就把书放在一边去听收音机。

▲ 友情提示：要准确记住不同的搭配，尤其是一个短语有多个意思的。
【考例3】(2004浙江) We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn't quite ____ as planned.
    A. make out    B. turn out
    C. go on    D. come up
[考查目标] 此题主要考查动词短语的辨义。
[答案与解析]B  make out有“弄清楚。明白”的惠思；turn out 的意思是“结果是．证明是”；go on 的意思是“继续”!come up 的意思是“过来，走来”。题意是：我们原来想在天黑前到家，但结果并不像预计的那样。

【考点4】what 短语

① what if 如果……将会怎样?
② what for 为了什么，干什么用
③ what about... ……怎么样?
[例句] What if she finds out you've lost her book? 

如果她发现你弄丢了她的书将会是怎样呢?
What did you do that for? 

你干吗做那件事?
What about having a rest? 

休息一会儿怎么样?
【考例4】(2004全国卷I) Susan, will you please go and empty that drawer? ____?
    A. What for    B. What is it
    C. How is it    D. How come
[考查目标] 此题主要考查交际用语。
[答案与解析] A  根据语境。答语中问的是目的。该句其实是个省略句，补全后的完整句子是：

I go and empty that drawer for what。

what提前构成疑问句就成了what for 或 for what。

【考点5】后有 to 的动词短语

① lead to 通向；导致
② look up to 尊敬
③ stick to 坚持
④ get used to 习惯于
⑤ look forward to 渴望；盼望
⑥ get down to 认真做某事
⑦ see to 注意；着手办理
⑧ pay attention to 注意
⑨ devote...to 致力于；投身于
⑩ belong to 属于
⑨ attend to 照顾；照料
⑩ object to 反对
⑩ be opposed to 反对
⑩ refer to 提到；参阅
⑩ contribute to 对……有贡献
⑩ come to 谈到；涉及
⑥ adjust to 适合于

[例句] The bridge leads to the island. 

这座桥通向那个岛。

So many spelling mistakes in the article led to great difficulty in reading. 

该篇文章拼写错误太多，令人看起来非常费劲。

He's such a devoted teacher that we all look up to him.
他是一个有奉献精神的老师，我们都尊敬他。

He has never felt looked up to. 

他从没有觉得有人尊敬他。

The day they had been looking forward to came at last.
他们渴望的那一天终于到来。

The final examination is coming up soon. It's time for us to get down to our studies.

 期末考试就要来了。是我们认真学习的时候了。

This machine is out of order; get a mechanic to see to it. 

这台机器坏了；找个技工来检修一下。

▲ 友情提示：以上短语中的to是介词．后接名词或动名词。
【考例5】(2004湖北)Once a decision has been made, allof us should ____ it.
    A. direct to    B. stick to
    C. lead to    D. refer to
[考查目标] 此题主要考查动词短语辨析。

[答案与解析] B  direct本身是及物动词。后不需to。refer to的意思是“涉及，参阅．指的是”。 

词语比较

1. observe, watch
  当“观察”来讲时，observe相当于watch carefully，尤其用于实验或研究等场合。具体来说，observe含有“察觉到”的意思，watch意为“盯着看”。  watch 还含有“观看(比赛、电视)”等，而observe没有此意。另外，watch还有“照料”之意，相当于take care of。还有“当心”之意，相当于be careful with。
  She has observed the stars all her life.
  她一生都在观察星星。
  I'll watch the baby while you are away.
  你不在时，由我照料你女儿。
  You'd better watch Mr Smith, I think he is a thief.
  你最好当心史密斯先生，我想他是个贼。
2. be known for, be known as, be known to
  be known for 以……出了名 (通常不是指同位的关系)
  be known as 作为……出了名 (通常加上职业名词，表同位关系)
  be known to 为……所知
  Japan is known for its cars.
  日本以它的汽车而闻名。
  Luxun is known as a writer.
  鲁迅作为作家很出名。
  As is known to all, China has four famous invitations.
  众所周知，中国有四大著名的发明。
3. elect, select, choose
  elect 只能用于选举人，是投票选举的正式用语。
  They elected Nixon President. 他们选尼克松为总统。
  choose 可用于挑选人或物。
  It's hard for me to choose one from s0 many pairs of shoes.
  要从这么多双鞋子当中挑选一双对我来说真是太难了。
  select 意为精心挑选，多用于物。
  She selected a pair of socks to match her suit.
  他精心挑选了一双袜子来与衣服搭配。
4. burn down, burn up, burn out
    bum down 指“烧为平地，烧毁”；也指“火力减弱”。
    The house was burnt down in an hour.
  房子一小时被烧为平地。
  bum up 有“烧旺”之意，也可指“消耗掉”。
  You'd better put more wood on the fire to make it burn up.
  你最好往火上添着柴，让它烧旺。
  bum out 指“火熄灭”。
  The fire had burnt out before I returned.
  在我回来前，火已经熄灭了。
精典题例
(    )1. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ____ the film stars had left. (2004 福建)
    A. to tell    B. be told
    C. telling    D. told
    【解析】选B  该题考查不定式做结果状语的用法。不定式前有only，just等词，后跟不定式通常表结果。又因为记者们应该是被告知，所以用不定式的被动式。
(  )2. Having been in bed for nearly a month, they
    had a hard time ____ the exam. (2004福建)
    A. pass    B. to pass
    C. passed    D. passing
    【解析】选D    该题考查句型 have a hard time (in)doing。
(  )3. He hasn't slept at all for three days. ____ he is tired out. (2005 湖北)
    A. There is no point  B. There is no need
    C. It is no wonder    D. It is no way
    【解析】选C   依题意“他三天没睡，难怪他累极了。”There is no point in doing sth. 是本单元的句型，意为：做某事没有作用或意义；而There is no need in doing sth. 没有必要做某事；It is no wonder 没什么大惊小怪；It is no way没可能。
(    )4. The disc digitally ____ in the studio sounded fantastic at the party that night. (2004上海)
    A. recorded    B. recording
    C. to be recorded    D. having recorded
    【解析】选A  通过分析句子，该题句子的谓语显然是sounded，因此recorded只能是非谓语，所以选A，考查过去分词在句中做定语的用法，recorded 相当于 which was recorded。
(  )5. ____ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. (2003北京)
    A. Even though    B. Unless
    C. As long as    D. While
    【解析】选C  句意为“只要我知道钱是安全的，我就不会担心。”even though“即使”；unless“除非”；while“当……时候”，它们都同句意不吻合。
(    )  6. We were swimming in the lake ____ suddenly the stoma started. (2004北京春季)
    A. when    B. while
    C. until    D. before
    【解析】选A  该题考查连词的用法。该句的意思是：当我们正在湖里游泳的时候，突然暴风雨开始了。when表示“这时(突然)”的意思，这种用法when一般放句末。
(    )7. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, ____ a record US$57.65 a barrel on April 4. (2005山东)
    A. have reached    B. reaching
    C. to reach    D. to be reaching
    【解析】选B  分词在句中做结果状语，可参见本单元的句型6。
(  )8. ____ the pot for me, and don't let the milk come out. I'll be back soon.
    A. Observe    B. Notice
    C. Watch    D. Look out
    【解析】选C   watch 表示集中精力“照料，监视”，本句意为“帮我看着壶，别让牛奶溢出来。”；observe意为“观察”，表示动作；Notice指“注意到”表示结果；look out后面不能接宾语。