【高中英语】高二英语Unit7-8知识点总结及重难点解析

【考点1】与as有关的短语
① as with sb / sth / doing 如同……一样
② as for 至于；就……而言
③ as to 关于
④ as far as 就……而论；据……
⑤ as good as 几乎已经，实际已经
⑥ as follows 如下
⑦ as a whole 总的来说
⑧ as a rule 一般说来，通常
⑨ as a / the result of 由于
⑩ as usual 像往常一样

[例句] As with swimming, riding a bicycle does good to our health. 

像游泳一样，骑自行车对我们的健康有好处。

I enjoy going to the movies．But as for the theater, Iprefer staying at home. 

我喜欢看电影，但至于看戏，我宁可呆在家里。

I want your advice as to what I ought to do with Mr.Ernest．

关于怎样和俄尼斯特先生打交道，我需要你的高见。

【考例1】I enjoy going t0 the movies ____ the theatres.
    A. as for    B. as with
    C. as to    D. as from
[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语的辨义问题。
[答案与解析]B  as from 从……时起。题意是：我喜欢看电影像喜欢看戏剧一样。

【考点2】与 chance 有关的短语

① take every chance 利用机会；碰运气 (=take a  chance, take chances)

② by chance = by accident 偶然地；无意中

③ by any chance 万一

[例句]Don't take chances by driving too fast. 

不要开快车来冒险。

I'll take my chance of being captured by the enemy. 

我要冒着被敌人抓到的危险碰碰运气。

【考例2】That's a chance I'll have to ____.
    A. make    B. take
    C. try    D. play
[考查目标] 此题主要考查固定短语的搭配问题。
[答案与解析]B  在take a chance 短语中，不可用其他动词。
1. in case of (in case) 以防，假使
  In case of her being out, you may leave a massage.
  假如她不在家你可留张便条。
  What shall we do in case he is absent at the meeting?
  万一他不来开会我们怎么办?
  Take your raincoat, just in case.
  带上雨衣以防下雨。
  [注意](1) in case of接名词或相当于名词的成分；in  case引导句子或单独使用，上面句子中just in case  相当于just in case of rain。类似用法还有in this /  that case (要是这样 / 那样的话)，如：
  In that case，we will not go with you.
  要是情况是那样的话，我们就不和你一起去了。
  (2) in 与 ease 搭配也常表示“在……情况下”主要有以下词组：
  in any case( 在任何情况下)
  in all cases (在所有情况下)
  in a particular case (在特殊情况下)
  in some case (在某种情况下)
  in no case( 在任何情况下都不，决不)
  如：In no case, can I lend money to him.
  在任何情况下我都不会借钱给他。
2. in honor of (in sb's honor) 为了……纪念／庆祝，对  ……表示敬意／欢迎
  A banquet was given in honor of the visiting president.
  举行宴会欢迎来访的总统。
  A birthday party is being planned in our teacher's  honor.
  正在为我们的老师筹划一个生日聚会。
  试比较：for the honor of... (为了……荣誉)
  He will try his best for the honor of his school.
  他会为学校的荣誉而努力。

  类似用法 in memory of (为了……纪念)，如：

  The statue was built in memory of Mr. LuXun.

  这个雕塑是为纪念鲁迅先生而建的。
3. make sure: to establish something without doubt;
    make certain 弄清楚；确保
    Make sure he writes it down.
    让他一定记下来。
    sure adj. (常与of，that连用) 确信的；肯定的
    Please make sure that the house is locked before you    leave.
    请你确信是锁上房间后才离开的。
  I'm not sure about the practicality of their plan.
  我还无法确定他们的那个计划的可行性如何。
  (与to连用) 一定的；必定的
  We are sure to benefit from the new timetable.
  我们肯定会得益于新的作息时间表。
  There's sure to be a fuss when the owner of the house  finds the window's broken.
  房子的主人发现窗子被人打破时准会大吵大闹的。
  sure adv. 一定地；必定地；无疑地
  It sure was cold.
  的确是冷。
  The teacher makes sure, too, that the child gets  enough rest and play, along with his education.
  教师还要保证每个孩子在接受教育的同时有充分
  的时间休息和游戏。
  He said he would come with his wife, and sure enough  he did.

  他说他会带着妻子一起来的，果然他们来了。

【考点3】与 mind 有关的短语

① keep / bear / carry…in mind记住
② have...in mind心中在想
③ have a mind to do sth 打算做某事
④ keep one's mind on / upon 聚精会神
⑤ make up one's mind(s) 下决心
⑥ Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见，心不烦(谚语)。
[例句] At this point I can't undertake to accept your suggestion，but l will keep it in mind. 

在这一点上，我不能保证接受你的建议，但我会把它记在心里。

Judging his achievement, we must bear in mind that hchas had no previous experience of this kind of work. 

判断他的成绩时，我们要记住他以前并没有做过这种工作的经验。

What do you have in mind? 你在想什么?
【考例3】I could see he was not telling me all be____ in mind.
    A. kept    B. had
    C. carried    D. made
[考查目标]此题主要考查短语的辨义和短语的搭配问题。
[答案与解析]B  C、D两项显然错误。题意是：我能看出他没有把他所想的告诉我。

【考点4】make things / matters worse 使事情更糟

① to make matters worse = what's worse = worse still  更糟的是
② what's more = besides 此外；而且

[例句] I realized that anything I could say would onlymake matters worse. 

我意识到只要我说话就会添乱子。

It got dark, and to make things worse it began to rain.
天黑了，更糟的是又开始下起雨来。
▲ 辨析：make things worse是动词短语，而to make matters worse是副词短语。
【考例4】He seemed to have no desire to go there;____, his clothes were not good enough.
    A. what's worse    B. what's more
    C. thus    D. therefore
[考查目标] 此题主要考查副词在句意中的理解问题。
[答案与解析]B  题意是：他似乎不想去那里，此外，他的衣服也不够好。
【考点5】与moment有关的短语
① for the moment 暂时 = for the present
② for a moment 片刻
③ in a moment 不久，立刻．马上
④ at the moment 此时．现在
⑤ the moment 一……就……= the minute / instant

[例句] We aren't going to make any change for the moment. 

我们暂时不做任何改变。

The new couple are traveling abroad at the moment. 

那对新婚夫妇跟下正在国外旅行。

【考例5】(2001京、蒙、皖春招)
-- Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed  her?
-- Yes, I gave it to her ____ I saw her.
    A. while    B. the moment
    C. suddenly    D. once
[考查目标] 此题主要考查连词问题。
[答案与解析]B  先排除C项，因为suddenly是副词，不能引导从句。从上下句看。所欠的钱已还过，而且是．一看见她就还了，所以又排除D项，因为once舍有条件意味。while强调一段时间。
9. suffer from 受……苦，遭……难，患……病
  Most part of the country suffered fromthe heavy flood.
  这个国家的大部分地区遭受严重水灾。
  His mother suffers from heart trouble.

  他母亲患心脏病。

词语比较

1. persuade, advise
  两个词都有“劝”之意，persuade表示结果，advise只  强调动作。
  We advised (or: tried to persuade) him to stop talking,
  but hc refused.
  我们劝(试图劝服)他别谈了但他不听。
  I persuade him to stop smoking. tie now looks better.
  我劝服他戒了烟。现在他看f：去更健康了。
  [注意] persuade 表示“说服某人做／不做某事”除了
  persuade sb. to / not to do...结构，还有persuade sb.
  into doing sth. / out of doing sth. 如：
  He persuaded me into leaving soon.
  他劝服我马上离开。
2. dead, deadly, dying
  三个词都可以作形容词，但含义各不相同。dead意  为“死了”，反义词是alive，表示死亡状态；deadly意为“致命的”表示抽象意义；dying意为“临死的”。
  The dog has been dead for hours.
  这条狗死了几个小时了。

 That is a deadly snake.

 这是一条致命的蛇。

  The dying man tried to my mmething.
  这个快死的人试图想说什么。
  [注意] dead，dying可在前面加 the 作名词用；deadly
  还有“死气沉沉”之意。如：
  The dead (dying) were being taken away from the  spot.
  当时死者 (快死的人) 正从现场被抬走。
  The lecture is deadly. Many began to leave.
  演讲太沉闷了。许多人开始离开。
3. for the moment, for a moment
  for the moment 意为“目前，暂时”，for a moment意为“(过)片刻，一会儿”。
  They don't plan to move for the moment.
  他们目前不想搬走。
  I will stay here for a moment. 我要在这里呆会儿。
4. die of, die from, die for, die in
  (1) die of 意为“因……而死”，原因多为来自内部、情感、冻饿和生病等，如：die of hunger (a fever,  thirst, sorrow, old age) 死于饥饿 (发烧、渴、忧伤、年老)
  (2) die from 意为“由于……而死”，原因通常来自外部，如：die from wound (lack of food, an accident, over work, drinking, pollution)死于外伤(缺乏食物、事故、过度劳动、饮酒、污染)
(3) die for 意为了“为……而死”，如：
  The soldier died for his motherland. 他为祖旧捐躯。
  (4) die in 意为“死于……”，如：die in battle (战死)，
  die greatly in debt (死于负债累累)，die in office (死于任职期间)
5. reason, cause, excuse, grounds
  (1) reason：理由，原因；指决定做某一件事或采取某一行动的理由，由此而得出结论或解释。
  The reason for my absence was that l was ill. 这儿不能用because引导。
  (2) cause：起因；指引起某种后果的起因。
  The cause of the accident was the fact that he was  driving too fast. 
  事故的起因是他开得太快。
  (3) excuse：辩解，借口；指为某一行为所做的解释，可以是真的，也可以是托词。
  Too much work is no excuse for not studying.
  工作太多不能成为不学习的理由。
  (4) grounds：根据，理由；有根据的理由。
  We have good grounds t。believe his story.
  我们有充分的理由相信他的话。
6. still, quiet, silent

  (1) still用作形容词，意为“静止的，不动的，平静的”。keep (stay) still 保持不动

lie (stand) still 躺着(站着)不动

a still lake / evening
平静的湖／寂静的夜晚
  用作副词，表示“还，仍旧”，可以修饰形容词、副词比较级。
  be still busy 仍然很忙
  win still greater success 取得更火成功
  (2) still 侧重“一动不动”，quiet指“安静”，无动作，无声音，无骚乱，其反义词是noisy (吵闹的、喧哗的)； silent 指不出声，不说话。
  对比：sit still 坐着不动
  Be quiet, and the class will begin.
  请安静，马上就要开始上课了。
  Hearing the answer, he was silent for a minute or  more.
  听了回答之后，他沉默了一两分钟。
精典题例
(  ) 1. -- Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.   Thanks. You ____ it. I could managed it  myself. (2005 福建)
    A. needn't do    B. needn't have done
    C. mustn't do    D. shouldn't have done
    【解析】选D  “情态动词 + 完成时态”用来表示对过去某一事实的假设或推测，根据上下文可以得知凯瑟琳自己可以做，所以对方“本不必做”。
(  ) 2. Mum is coming. What present ____ for your    birthday?  (2005  福建)
    A. you expect she has got
    B. you expect has she got
    C. do you expect she has got
    D. do you expect has she got
    【解析】选C  do you expect 通常被看作插入语，而不写成Do you expect what she has got，所以后面的宾语从句仍用陈述语序。
(    )3. I always take something to read when I go to the
    doctor's ____ I have to wait. (2005  全国II)
    A. in case    B. SO that
    C. in order    D. as if
    【解析】选A   in case引导句子或单独使用，上面句子中in case I have to wait “以防我去等”，使上下文逻辑通顺。
(  )4. -- I'm afraid Mr. Wood can't see you until 4    o'clock.
    -- Oh, ____ I won't wait. (2005  浙江)
    A. no doubt    B. after all
    C. in that case    D. in this way
    【解析】选C  in this / that case (要是这样／那样的话)。
(  )5. He ____ have completed his work; otherwise,    he wouldn't be enjoying hirnself by the seaside.    (2005北京)
    A. should    B. must
    C. wouldn't    D. can't
    【解析】选A   根据下文“否则他在海边没法玩得痛快。”可以推出上一句“他本应该要完成他的工作。”should  have done表示后悔或责备，意为“本应该做了(但事实上没做)”。
(  )6. I ____ have been more than six years old when  the aecident happened. (2005  天津)
    A. shouldn't    B. couldn't
    C. mustn't    D. needn't
    【解析】选B“情态动词 + 完成时态”用来表示对过去某一事实的假设或推测。尤其用来表示否定的推测则用"can't / couldn't have done"。本句译为：当事故发生时我不可能大于六岁。
(  )7. -- Do you know where David is? I couldn't find   him anywhere.     Well. He ____ have gone far — his coat's
    still here. (2005湖北)
    A. shouldn't    B. mustn't
    C. can't    D. woldldn't
    【解析】选c同第6题，表示否定的推测。
(    )8. If I ____ plane to do anything I wanted to, I'd  like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of   it as possible. (2005湖北)
    A. would    B. could
    C. had to    D. ought to
    【解析】选B   本题考查if引导的虚拟语气结构。从I'd like to go...判断，本句为与现在事实相反，故选B。

(  )9. -- Don't you think it necessary that he ____ to    Miami but to New York?    I agree, but the problem is ____ he has    refused to. (2005  江苏)

    A. will not be sent; that
    B. not be sent; that
    C. should not be sent; what
    D. should not send; what
    【解析】选B  本题既考查了虚拟语气的用法，又考查了表语从句的用法。由necessary引导的主语从句或宾语从句，需要用shouId do，而他是要“被派往”迈阿密，所以第一空用(should)not be sent，而第二空在be动词之后需要用一个表语从句，由于句子结构完整，所以用that。
(  )10. -- How do you ____ we go to Beijing for our   holidays?     I think we'd better fly there. It's much more  comfortable. (2004福建)
    A. insist    B. want
    C. suppose    D. suggest
    【解析】选A  本题考查insist表示“坚持”时所带的宾语从句用虚拟，即：insist that sb. (should) do sth. 所以本题选A。