【高中英语】高二英语Unit5-6知识点总结及重难点解析

【考点1】与 consist 有关的短语
① consist of 由……组成 (= be made up of)
② consist in 在于

[例句] The club consists of more than 200 members. 

俱乐部南200多个成员组成。

The beauty oF the village consists in its clean air and peaceful environment. 

这个村庄的美丽之处在于它清洁的空气和幽静的环境。

▲ 友情提示：consist of 不用于被动语态。
【考例1】The opening province which ____ thirteen counties and three coastal cities will quicken its paces of economic development.
    A. consists of    B. makes up
    C. is included    D. is contained
[考查目标] 此题主要考查相似意义的短语或动词的用法辨义问题。
[答案与解析]A  B应该使用被动结构．即：is made up of。C不应该使用被动语态。而D本身是错误的，在本题中不可使用。
10. deal with 处理，对付
  How can I deal with the problem?
  我应该如何处理这个问题?
  (相当于：What can I do with the problem?)
  Deal with aman as he deals with you.
  以其人之道还治其人之身。
  deal with 也可译作“与……有生意来往”。
  We have dealt with the finn for many years.

  我们和这家公司有多年生意来往。

【考点2】与 point 有关的短语
① at the point 在某处；一度
② to the point 切中要点
③ off the point 离题
④ be on the point of doing sth when... 正要做某事……  突然
⑤ There's no point (in) doing sth 做某事没有意义
⑥ point at / to 指向
⑦ point out 指出
[例句] At one point at the meeting the manager nearly lost his temper. 会上经理一度几乎大发脾气。
His remarks on the matter were much to the point. 他就这事的评论非常切中要点。
The boy was on the point of going to bed when the telephone rang. 这孩子正要上床睡觉这时电话响了。
There's very little point in arguing further. 再争论下去意义不大。
【考例2】The peaks flue so close to each other that the distance between them ____ is 5 meters.
    A. to the point    B. at one point
    C. at the point    D. On the point
[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语的辨义问题。 

[答案与解析]B  两座山峰如此紧靠着以至于最贴近的一处距离仅为五米。

【考点3】“动词 + 名词 + 介词”短语

① make the most of = make the best of = make full use  of 充分利用
② pay attention to 注意
③ take care of 照看；照顾
④ take notice of 注意
⑤ make notes of 纪录

[例句]The most must be made of these natural resources to develop the economy of the country. 

要充分利用自然资源来发展国家的经济。

Our attention should be paid to water pollution. 

我们应该注意水的污染问题。

▲ 友情提示：这类三词词组的被动态形式有两种：一是把介词后的宾语作为被动态的主语；二是把中间的名词作为被动态的主语。
【考例 3】Has the boy who was made use of ____ realized his mistakes?
      A. stealing              B. to steal
    C. for stealing    D. stolen
[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语后的非谓语动词形式。
[答案与解析]B  “利用……去做某事”。要用不定式作目的状语，即：makeuse of...to do sth。句中的of有宾语，就是前面的the boy。题意是：那个被人利用去偷盗的男孩意识到自己的错误了吗?---

【考点4】in store have / keep / hold...in store 储藏着；准备着；将发生的

[例句] Nobody knows what the future may hold in store. 没有人知道将来会是怎样。

There was a big surprise in store. 

有一个大惊奇在等着呢。

【考例4】There was another accident ____ for him that day.
    A. in the way    B. in store
    C. in effect    D. in case
[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语辨义。

[答案与解析]B in the way 挡路。in effect 事实上。in case 万一，以防。

【考点5】clear up 和clean up

① clear up 整理；消除；澄清；放晴
② clean up 彻底打扫；清理干净

[例句] Would you clean up this room before our visitors arrive?

客人到来之前，你打扫房间好吗?

She would like to have a talk with her classmate to clear up their misunderstanding.

 他想和同学交谈以解除他们之间的误会。

There are some points I'd like to clear up. 有几点我要澄清一下。
【考例5】On his mother's arrival，the crying boy's face____. 
    A. cleared up    B. clearled up
    C. was lit up    D. reflected up
[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语辨义问题。
[答案与解析]A light up此处不用被动态。D不合题意。

词语比较

1. pleasant, pleasing, pleased
  (1) pleasant 可作定语和表语。修饰事物，不能修饰人。因此句子的主语只能是表示事物的词语，而不能是人。意思是“令人愉快的，令人高兴的”。
  I hope you'll have a pleasant holiday.
  我希望你能过一个愉快的假期。
  (2) pleasing “令人高兴的，令人愉快的”，表示宁静、满意、令人满足之意。侧重于表示接受对象的情感，传递主观感受。比 pleasant 稍弱。主语可为人或事物。
  An actor should have a pleasing personality.
  表演者应当具有一种令人愉快的个性。
  (3) pleased “高兴的，感到满意的”含义与glad基本相同。作表语时，句子的主语只能是“人”，而不能是表示事物的词语。be pleased with 表示“对……表示满 意”之意。
  She had a pleased look 0n his face.
  她脸上露出了满意的表情。
2. be made up of, be made of, be made from, be made into
    (1) be made up of 由……组成。
    The United States is made up of fifty states.
    美国由五十个州组成。
    (2) be made of 由……制成 (成品看得出原料)。
    The table ismade of wood.
    这张桌子由木材制成。
    (3) be made from 由……制成(成品看不出原料)。
    This kind of paper is made from wood.
    这种纸张由木材制成。
    (4) be made into 由(原料)……制成(成品)。
    The bamboo can be made into many useful things.
    竹子可以制成很多有用的东西。
3. lay, lie
  (1) lay 常用作及物动词，意为“放置，铺设；产(卵)；布置；下蛋”等，是不规则动词。其变化为：laid, laid,
  laying。
  She laid the paper on my desk.
  她把文件放在我桌子上。
  The workers are laying down a cable.
  工人们在铺设电线。
  (2) lie 作不及物动词。其基本含义是：躺；卧；位于，是不规则动词。其变化为：lay, lain, lying。
  The hospital lay where a school is located.
  这个医院过去就在现在学校所在的地方。
  (3) lie作不及物动词。它的另一个含义是：说谎，是规则动词。其变化为：lied, lied, lying。
  "He is lying," said the girl angrily, lying on the hay.
  “他在说谎。”那个女孩躺在干草上，气愤地说。
4. in time, on time
  (1) in time 除了译作“及时”，还可译作“最终”或“总有一天”。
  Her helping me in time saved me plenty of time.
  她的及时帮助使我省了很多时间。
  (2) on time，意为“准时”
  Everyone is requiredtobe present atthe party on time.
  要求每个人准时参加聚会。
  time 组成的词组已学过的还有: at a time (一次), in no time (立刻), at that (the) time(那时), at times (有时), at any time (在任何时候)等。
精典题例
(  )1. ____ two exams to worry about, I have to  work really hard this weekend. (2004北京)
    A. With    B. Besides
    C. As for    D. Because of
    【解析】选A   语境表明动作尚未发生，所以用with+名词+不定式。Besides和Because of不能用to worry about。
(  )2. If you keep on, you'll succeed ____.
    A. in time    B. at one time
    C. at the same time    D. on time
    【解析】选A  句意“只要你坚持，最终一定会诚功的。” on time意为“准时”，at one time意为“曾经”或(过去)有一段时间”。
(  )3. Here's my card. Let's keep in ____.
    A. touch    B. relation
    C. connection    D. friendship
    【解析】选A keep in touch (with)是一种固定搭配。
(  )4. ____ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password 0f your e-mail account.
    (2005上海)
    A. What is required  B. What required
    C. It is required    D. It requires
    【解析】选C  用 require 被动式，It为形式主语。
(    )5. ____ from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. (2005湖北)
    A. Being separated
    B. Having separated
    C. Haring been separated
    D. To be separated
    【解析】选C   separate是及物动词，句意为“已经分开几百万年”，因此用分词完成时的被动语态。
(    )6. Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors
    completed a 20-hour operation to have ____ 
    one-year-old twins at the head. (2004上海)
    A. isolated    B. separated
    C. divided    D. removed
    【解析】选B separate用于“把两者分开”，isolate意
为“隔离”。
(  )7. Now that she is out of job, Lucy ____ going
    back to school, but she hasn't decided yet. (2004
    北京)
    A. had considered    B. has been considering
    C. considered    D. is going to consider
    【解析】选B  句意“一直在考虑重返工作岗位”，显然说话时还在考虑，所以用现在完成进行时。
(    )8. The manager has fallen asleep where he ____,
    without undressing. (2005安徽)
    A. was laying    B. was lying
    C. had laid    D. had lied
【解析】选B  语境是“经理躺着睡着了”。